AFRICAN JOURNAL OF HEALTH & ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES, ENTREPRENEURSHIP, ENGINEERING & AGRICULTURE

STRUCTURAL AND CONNECTIVE TISSUE DISORDERS OF THE PENIS: MOLECULAR MECHANISMS, KNOWLEDGE GAPS, AND THERAPEUTIC OPPORTUNITIES

IYAMA ANSLEM IYAMA
April 25, 2026

Abstract

Structural and connective tissue disorders in the
penis, notably Peyronie’s disease (PD), involve
localized fibrosis of the tunica albuginea and
cause penile deformity, pain and sexual
dysfunction. The cause of (PD) is poorly
understood, and therapeutic options are
predominantly empirical and symptomatic.
Through a narrative review, we discuss current
evidence concerning the molecular mechanism
that informs penile connective tissue disorder,
discuss novel treatment techniques, and identify
remaining knowledge, specifically in
translational and mechanistic domains. The
importance of addressing these gaps is also a
prerequisite for developing precision-based
interventions in the field of sexual and
reproductive medicine.

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AFRICAN JOURNAL OF HEALTH & ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES, ENTREPRENEURSHIP, ENGINEERING & AGRICULTURE

Published in AFRICAN JOURNAL OF HEALTH & ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES, ENTREPRENEURSHIP, ENGINEERING & AGRICULTURE

ISSN: 6349 -7207

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