AFRICAN SOCIAL AND EDUCATIONAL JOURNAL

Hybrid Museum theatre integrates a combination of live, physical performance and digital media in enhancing museum education for young audiences in Nigeria. It incorporates live performance into museum spaces to enhance cultural interpretation and visitor learning. By embodying historical figures, narratives, and artifacts through dramatic reenactments, it transforms passive observation into immersive, emotional experiences. This approach bridges cognitive gaps, fosters empathy, and deepens understanding of diverse cultures. Drawing on case studies from global institutions, this article explores hybrid museum theatre's methodologies, impacts on audience engagement, and challenges in implementation, arguing it as an essential strategy for modern museology in an increasingly interactive world.

This study examines the drivers, mechanisms, and impacts of irregular migration and human trafficking in Nigeria, with the aim of informing effective prevention strategies and policy interventions. The study is anchored on Migration Systems Theory, which explains migration as a dynamic process sustained by economic inequalities, social networks, institutional linkages, and intermediary actors across origin, transit, and destination areas. Adopting a qualitative research design, the study relies exclusively on secondary data from peer reviewed journals, books, government documents, and institutional reports. Data were analyzed thematically to identify recurring patterns related to socio economic conditions, cultural norms, governance structures, migration networks, and trafficking practices. Findings reveal that irregular migration and human trafficking in Nigeria are primarily driven by chronic poverty, youth unemployment, limited access to education, and cultural expectations of migration success, gender inequality, weak law enforcement, corruption, and inadequate border management. The study further shows that migrants become vulnerable through deceptive recruitment, dependence on intermediaries, debt bondage, irregular legal status, social isolation, and exposure to violence along domestic and international migration routes. The effects of these processes are severe, including physical and psychological trauma, economic exploitation, family disintegration, community destabilization, and the entrenchment of transnational criminal networks. The study concludes that irregular migration and human trafficking are systemic problems rooted in structural and institutional failures. It recommends socio economic reforms, strengthened governance and enforcement, awareness campaigns, and victim centered reintegration policies.

This study investigates the implications of prioritising quality issues over security controls, focusing on how such decisions influence vulnerability exposure and overall system robustness. Adopting a conceptual and empirical software engineering approach, the study integrates case-based analysis, experimental testing, and risk trade-off modelling to evaluate the relationship between defect density, reliability metrics, and security vulnerabilities. Analytical tools, including code quality assessment and vulnerability scanning frameworks, are conceptually utilised to simulate development scenarios under varying prioritisation strategies. The findings reveal that while improvements in software quality such as enhanced reliability and reduced defect rates—contribute to mitigating certain categories of vulnerabilities, they do not comprehensively address security risks. A significant relationship between defect density and vulnerability exposure was established; however, critical security weaknesses, including access control flaws and configuration errors, were found to persist independently of quality improvements. Furthermore, prioritising quality over security was shown to enhance system performance and usability in the short term but increase exposure to high-impact risks, thereby undermining long-term system resilience. These outcomes underscore the inherent trade-off between quality and security and highlight the limitations of treating cybersecurity as a secondary consideration in software development. The study concludes that effective application development requires an integrated approach that simultaneously addresses both quality and security dimensions. It recommends the adoption of an integrated development approach that simultaneously addresses software quality and security rather than treating them as sequential or competing priorities.

This study investigates the impact of poor infrastructural facilities on the quality of Business Education in Nigerian tertiary institutions. Guided by three research questions and hypotheses, an ex post facto (causal-comparative) research design was adopted. The population comprised 18,740 lecturers and students of Business Education in Nigerian tertiary institutions, from which a sample of 392 respondents (72 lecturers and 320 students) was selected using Taro Yamane’s formula. Data were collected through a validated questionnaire with a reliability coefficient of 0.82, and analyzed using mean, standard deviation, Pearson correlation, and multiple regression at a 0.05 level of significance. Findings revealed significant positive relationships between infrastructural facilities and the quality of Business Education: ICT facilities (r = 0.652, p < 0.05), electricity supply (r = 0.573, p < 0.05), and physical learning facilities (r = 0.601, p < 0.05). Regression results indicated that these variables jointly accounted for 53.6% of the variance (R² = 0.536) in Business Education quality, with ICT exerting the strongest influence (β = 0.412). The study concluded that inadequate infrastructural facilities significantly hinder teaching effectiveness, research productivity, and skill acquisition in Business Education. It recommended increased funding, stronger public–private partnerships, stable power supply, and the prioritization of ICT integration and facility maintenance to improve Business Education quality in Nigeria.

This study investigates how supporters of Nyesom Wike and Siminalayi Fubara employ stylistic and discourse strategies to construct political stances on social media platforms such as Facebook, X, Instagram, and TikTok. Using a stylo-discourse approach combined with Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) and Roman Jakobson’s Communication Function Theory, the study examines lexical choices, pronouns, modality, metaphors, and discourse markers to uncover underlying ideological positions, identity construction, and persuasive strategies. Findings reveal that supporters use evaluative language to legitimize their preferred candidate, pronoun polarization to signal in-group and out-group alignment, and high-modality and metaphorical intensification to dramatize political conflict and mobilize audiences. These strategies demonstrate that social media is a performative arena of ideological contestation. The study recommends that political actors and campaign strategists engage social media mindfully, employing persuasive yet ethical discourse to shape public perception responsibly.

This research investigated the impact of staff training on teachers’ productivity in public secondary schools (PSS) in Bayelsa State. Guided by three research questions and corresponding hypotheses, the study used a survey design deemed suitable for this context. Out of 4,015 teachers across the state, 401 (10%) were randomly selected for the study. Data were gathered using a twelve-item, researcher-designed questionnaire on staff training and teacher productivity. Content validity was ensured through expert review, and reliability testing showed a coefficient of 0.80. Data analysis involved calculating the mean, standard deviation, and performing an independent t-test. The main findings indicate that staff training has a significant impact on teachers’ performance. The study recommends the effective use of various training methods—on-the-job, on- and-off-the-job, and off-the-job—to enhance productivity in PSS in Bayelsa State.

This study examined the perceptions of academic and nonacademic staff on the role, effectiveness, and involvement in quality control mechanisms in university administration. Using a sample of 120 staff members (70 academic and 50 nonacademics), the study employed descriptive statistics and independent samples t-test to analyze differences in responses. Findings revealed that both staff groups recognized the significant role and effectiveness of quality control mechanisms in enhancing university operations. However, a significant difference was found in staff involvement, with academic staff reporting greater participation than nonacademic staff. The study concludes that while quality control mechanisms are valued, there is a need to increase inclusive participation across all staff categories. Recommendations include enhancing nonacademic staff engagement, strengthening communication, continuous evaluation, and capacity building to foster a sustainable quality culture in the university.

This study examines the impact of artisanal refining on environmental security in Rivers State. The population of the study was 196,780 households in Rivers State. A sample size of 384 was determined from this population using Krejcie and Morgan sampling technique. Questionnaire and interview were used in data collection and the collected data were analysed using descriptive statistic, the mean and standard deviation. The result revealed that artisanal refining affect environmental security in Rivers State. Hence the study concludes that artisanal refining is responsible for environmental security degradation in Rivers State. Therefore, the study recommended that Government should encourage oil companies to take responsibility by establishing environmental impacts and invest in community development programs for rapid response teams to address health emergencies related to pollution. They should develop disaster preparedness plans for communities affected by pollution from illegal refining. Invest in research to develop innovative solutions for pollution control and health improvement. Government and oil companies should establish local emergency response units specifically trained to handle explosions and fires from artisanal refineries, ensuring they have the necessary tools and resources to respond quickly and effectively to ensure environmental security in Rivers State.

The rapid advancement of Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies is transforming job landscapes across the globe, with particular implications for developing regions such as Africa. AI presents both opportunities and challenges for Africa’s labour markets, with significant risks of job displacement in key sectors such as agriculture, manufacturing, and services. While AI-driven automation threatens to exacerbate unemployment and inequality, Africa’s ability to respond is hampered by weak political education systems, which leave citizens ill-equipped to engage with governance or advocate for policies that mitigate these disruptions. This article explores the intersection of functional political education and AI-induced job displacement, arguing that empowering citizens with digital literacy, policy awareness, and participatory governance skills is critical for an inclusive AI transition. The study therefore, highlights key challenges, including skills gaps, informal labour vulnerabilities, gender disparities, and foreign tech dominance, while examining case studies from South Africa, Nigeria, and Kenya. It proposes policy solutions such as reskilling programmes, labour protections, and localized AI innovation to ensure equitable adaptation. One of the findings of the research revealed that 60% of Africa’s workforce are highly vulnerable to AI-driven automation, risking mass unemployment. Ultimately, the article underscores that functional political education is not just a civic necessity but a strategic imperative for Africa to navigate AI’s disruptive impact and demand accountable, inclusive policies. By prioritizing political literacy and inclusive policymaking, Africa can mitigate the negative impacts of AI-driven automation and harness its opportunities. On this basis, the research concludes that functional political education can empower Africans to address AI-driven job displacement by fostering critical thinking, civic engagement, and advocacy.

Artificial intelligence (AI) has the potential to change how public services are delivered around the world, enabling unprecedented opportunities for both efficiency and citizen engagement, as well as governance innovations. AI adoption in the public sector is accelerating rapidly, particularly in developing economies and Sub-Saharan Africa yet major challenges concerning infrastructure, ethics, regulation and digital inclusion are poorly addressed. This paper reviews the need, benefits and challenges of leveraging Artificial Intelligence (AI) for public service delivery across Nigeria and Africa, as well as implications for policymakers. Utilising a systematic conceptual review method, the study synthesizes peer-reviewed literature. The analysis found AI applications could be transformative in areas like e-governance, citizen engagement, service automation and fraud detection. Despite this, several long-standing challenges such as the digital divide, data biases in ML algorithms and inefficient regulatory frameworks severely inhibit effective AI adoption in the economy. The paper concludes that fulfilling the promise of AI in public service delivery will require policy coordination, an inclusive design orientation, and contextually relevant governance frameworks. It adds to management sciences literature and situates AI adoption in the domain of public administration within guidelines that can be followed by governments, administrators, and management practitioners.

This study examined the influence of social media on the language of  youth in Obio/Akpor, Ikwere, and Emohua Local Government Areas of Rivers State. The objectives of the study were to explore how social media influences language practices in both formal and informal contexts, identify the linguistic features adopted from social media, examine the factors contributing to language change, and assess the implications for communication and language teaching. The research was guided by the Sociolinguistic Theory and the Communication Accommodation Theory, which provided the theoretical framework for understanding the relationship between social interaction, media use, and language variation. A survey research design was adopted, and data were collected from 311 respondents selected through proportionate sampling. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and chi-square tests. Findings revealed that WhatsApp is the dominant social media platform among youths, with most participants using it for over five years and spending more than two hours daily. Communication patterns combined both formal and informal expressions, characterized by frequent use of slang, abbreviations, emojis, and hashtags. Although many respondents were uncertain about the direct influence of social media on their offline language, the study found subtle linguistic effects alongside broader social, cultural, and economic factors driving language change. The study concludes that social media, rather than diminishing language proficiency, can serve as a tool for language awareness and education if effectively integrated into language learning and communication practices. It is therefore recommended that educators and policymakers harness social media platforms to promote standard language use and interactive learning among youths

This study examines community conflict, peacebuilding, and the role of social workers in promoting social cohesion in Rivers State, Nigeria. The objectives were to identify the major drivers and patterns of community conflict, assess the effects of conflict on peacebuilding and social cohesion, and explore how social work interventions contribute to mitigating conflicts and fostering community harmony. The study adopted a qualitative research approach using secondary sources, including peer-reviewed journal articles, government reports, policy documents, and institutional assessments. Data were analyzed through thematic content analysis, enabling the identification of patterns, relationships, and gaps in existing knowledge. The study is anchored on the Social Capital Theory (Putnam, 2000), which assumes that trust, social networks, and civic engagement are critical resources for collective action, cooperation, and social cohesion. Findings indicate that land disputes, leadership crises, youth violence, and resource-based tensions are the predominant drivers of community conflict in Rivers State, leading to displacement, disruption of livelihoods, weakened trust, and reduced collective action. Social work interventions such as mediation, community empowerment, psychosocial support, and access to social welfare services were found to strengthen social cohesion, restore trust, and enhance community resilience. The study concludes that sustainable peacebuilding in Rivers State requires integrated strategies that combine conflict resolution, social support, and community empowerment. It recommends the institutionalization of mediation structures, promotion of community participation, provision of psychosocial services, and integration of social welfare programs to foster lasting social cohesion and development.

The international system has been evolving with many recurring international issues that requires collaboration of global actors to address. Since the end of Cold War, the challenges of rogue states, faith regimes, and multinational companies exploiting and violating human rights has been on the rise. These issues are fueling conflict and insecurity, economic inequality between developing and developed nations, social unrest and terrorism etc. In all these, diplomacy has been instrumental in the pursuit for peace and stability through its practice of conducting negotiations, mediation and relationship building. Using the secondary and multidisciplinary sources, this study examines diplomacy and the dilemma of rogue regimes, religion and multinational corporations’ in international relations. The study also used the realist and liberalism theories as a template for analysis. The study reveals that many international issues affecting the smooth conduct of international relations and diplomatic practice persist because state and corporate powers refuse to adhere to international laws. The study concludes that the challenges of the 21st century international system can be addressed only if diverse approaches, such as balancing coercion, engagement, containment, collective action and collaboration of major actors are prioritised. Actors in global community must act in accordance with the rules governing the international system. The study recommends amongst others, that international institutions should be restructured and strengthened to address the challenges of the 21st century.

Digital diplomacy and youth: examining the role of online platforms in global peace advocacy was investigated. This study adopted a descriptive research design. Additionally, a historical research design was employed to trace the development and impact of digital diplomacy, particularly focusing on youth-driven movements from the early 2000s to the present. Secondary data sources were used to gather relevant information while content analysis method was applied to systematically review and interpret the data. The findings reveal that social media platforms serve as powerful tools for promoting dialogue, fostering understanding, and mobilizing youth for peacebuilding efforts across diverse conflict zones. Digital diplomacy initiatives, including online peace campaigns and diplomatic dialogues,significantly contribute to conflict resolution by facilitating global engagement and empowering youth to take part in peace processes. Moreover, digital platforms are shown to be effective in combating hate speech and online radicalization, though challenges persist, such as the spread of misinformation and digital access inequality. The study also highlights how governments and non-state actors leverage digital tools to enhance diplomatic efforts, though the effectiveness of such tools is often hindered by the complexities of online dynamics. Despite challenges, opportunities for integrating digital diplomacy into long-term peacebuilding efforts are vast, particularly in bridging geographical divides and amplifying youth voices on global platforms. These findings underscore the potential of digital diplomacy to shape global peace initiatives and youth advocacy in the digital age.

Academic counseling is increasingly recognized as a vital support mechanism within educational settings, offering students guidance in areas such as goal setting, time management, study techniques, course selection, and emotional regulation. This research investigated the impact of academic counseling on the academic performance of secondary school students in selected schools within Agboyi Ketu Local Council Development Area, Lagos. Employing a descriptive research design, the study purposively selected 200 students who were deemed able to provide relevant information for addressing the research objectives. Data were collected through self-administered questionnaires structured on a four-point Likert scale. The analysis combined descriptive and inferential statistical methods, with regression analysis performed using IBM SPSS to determine the strength and significance of the relationship between counseling and student performance. The results revealed a moderate positive correlation between academic counseling and academic achievement (R = 0.561), with the coefficient of determination (R² = 0.314) suggesting that counseling accounts for approximately 31% of the variance in students’ academic outcomes. The regression model was statistically significant (F = 90.792, p < .001), confirming that structured counseling contributes meaningfully to academic performance. While counseling alone does not fully determine student achievement, these findings indicate that well-designed, consistently implemented counseling programs can enhance learning engagement, motivation, and study behaviors. The study underscores the importance of integrating counseling services with instructional strategies and institutional support to optimize student outcomes. Consequently, it provides empirical justification for educational policymakers and school administrators to prioritize investment in comprehensive academic counseling initiatives as part of broader student success frameworks.

This study investigates the relationship between Quality of Life (QoL) and suicidal ideation among undergraduate students in Nigeria, a demographic known to be at high risk for mental health issues. The research employs a comprehensive approach, utilizing descriptive statistics, Cronbach's reliability tests, correlation analysis, regression analysis, ANOVA, and Odds Ratio analysis to assess the link between various QoL domains and the prevalence of suicidal thoughts. The findings indicate that students generally report moderate to high levels of satisfaction across QoL domains, particularly in areas such as material comfort, physical health, and relationships. However, despite these high satisfaction levels, there remains a notable presence of suicidal ideation within the population. The correlation analysis reveals significant relationships between higher QoL scores and reduced levels of suicidal ideation, suggesting that enhanced QoL factors may serve as protective elements against suicidal thoughts. While the regression analysis confirms a statistically significant relationship between QoL and suicidal ideation, it also highlights that QoL alone is a weak predictor, explaining only a small percentage of the variance in suicidal ideation. This underscores the complexity of mental health outcomes, indicating that other factors such as academic stress and social support may also play crucial roles. The ANOVA results further demonstrate significant differences in suicidal ideation across different levels of QoL, reinforcing the importance of addressing QoL in mental health interventions. Interestingly, the Odds Ratio analysis presents a paradoxical finding where lower QoL scores are associated with reduced odds of suicidal ideation, suggesting that higher QoL might sometimes correlate with increased expectations and pressures, potentially leading to greater mental health challenges. These results have practical implications for mental health services within universities, advocating for a holistic approach that enhances QoL through targeted interventions in physical health, social relationships, and material comfort. The study concludes with a call for further research to explore additional factors influencing suicidal ideation and to develop tailored strategies to improve student well-being and reduce suicide risk.

This study investigates the relationship between Quality of Life (QoL) and suicidal ideation among undergraduate students in Nigeria, a demographic known to be at high risk for mental health issues. The research employs a comprehensive approach, utilizing descriptive statistics, Cronbach's reliability tests, correlation analysis, regression analysis, ANOVA, and Odds Ratio analysis to assess the link between various QoL domains and the prevalence of suicidal thoughts. The findings indicate that students generally report moderate to high levels of satisfaction across QoL domains, particularly in areas such as material comfort, physical health, and relationships. However, despite these high satisfaction levels, there remains a notable presence of suicidal ideation within the population. The correlation analysis reveals significant relationships between higher QoL scores and reduced levels of suicidal ideation, suggesting that enhanced QoL factors may serve as protective elements against suicidal thoughts. While the regression analysis confirms a statistically significant relationship between QoL and suicidal ideation, it also highlights that QoL alone is a weak predictor, explaining only a small percentage of the variance in suicidal ideation. This underscores the complexity of mental health outcomes, indicating that other factors such as academic stress and social support may also play crucial roles. The ANOVA results further demonstrate significant differences in suicidal ideation across different levels of QoL, reinforcing the importance of addressing QoL in mental health interventions. Interestingly, the Odds Ratio analysis presents a paradoxical finding where lower QoL scores are associated with reduced odds of suicidal ideation, suggesting that higher QoL might sometimes correlate with increased expectations and pressures, potentially leading to greater mental health challenges. These results have practical implications for mental health services within universities, advocating for a holistic approach that enhances QoL through targeted interventions in physical health, social relationships, and material comfort. The study concludes with a call for further research to explore additional factors influencing suicidal ideation and to develop tailored strategies to improve student well-being and reduce suicide risk.

This study investigates the factors responsible for students’ failure in the higher institution in Nigeria. The research focused on identifying academic, institutional, and personal factors affecting students’ academic performance. A descriptive survey designwas adopted, and data were collected through questionnaires administered to 200 randomly selected students. Descriptive and inferential statistics, including Chi-square tests, were used for data analysis. The findings revealed that most respondents were aged 18-27 years, with females forming the majority. About 85.7% of students engaged in independent study daily or weekly, while 74.3% rated lecture delivery as effective or very effective. However, 25.7% expressed dissatisfaction, citing areas for improvement in teaching methods. Although 68.6% had adequate learning resources, 31.4% lacked access, posing a significant barrier to success. Chi-square results indicated no significant relationship between demographic factors and students’ perception of lecture delivery. The study concludes that despite students’ positive study habits and satisfaction with teaching quality, inadequate learning resources remain a major challenge. It recommends improved access to educational materials and enhanced teaching support to reduce failure rates.

This study investigates Biology teachers’ awareness and utilization of innovative teaching/learning strategies in secondary schools in Obio/Akpor local government area, Rivers State. The study was guided by four research questions and one hypothesis. A descriptive research of the survey type was adopted for the study. A sample of seventy eight (78) Biology teachers was purposively selected for the study. A questionnaire was designed to collect data from the respondents and a reliability index of 0.86 was obtained using Cronbach Alpha. Mean and standard deviation were used to answer research questions while t-test was used to test the null hypothesis at 0.05 level of significance. The findings of the study revealed that Biology teachers in Obio/Akpor local government area were highly aware of the selected innovative teaching/learning strategies, but do not utilize the innovative teaching/learning strategies. Gender had no significant influence on the Biology teachers’ level of awareness of the innovative teaching/learning strategies. The study concluded that Biology teachers’ level of awareness was high, however, utilization was low. This implies that the Biology students will be denied the benefits attached to use of innovative teaching/learning strategies. The study recommended that utilization of peer tutoring, peer-led team learning, flipped learning and project-based learning strategies should be encouraged.

The rise of digital technologies and the widespread adoption of social media have significantly redefined family interactions, moral development, and the socialization processes among youths across societies. The rapid spread of platforms such as Facebook, WhatsApp, Instagram, TikTok, and Twitter has influenced behavioural patterns, communication dynamics, and the transmission of intergenerational values. This paper examines the impact of social media on family values and morals among the youth, drawing insights from sociocultural, psychological, and ethical perspectives. Specifically, it interrogates how these platforms shape youths’ perceptions of respect, obedience, discipline, communal living, and moral conduct. It also identifies the most prevalent social media platforms used by youths within the clan and discusses how these platforms exert both positive and negative influences on value systems. The study concludes by highlighting the urgent need for value reorientation to preserve the cultural heritage of the youth in a digitally driven age.

This study examines the impact of artisanal refining on environmental security in Rivers State. The population of the study was 196,780 households in Rivers State. A sample size of 384 was determined from this population using Krejcie and Morgan sampling technique. Questionnaire and interview were used in data collection and the collected data were analysed using descriptive statistic, the mean and standard deviation. The result revealed that artisanal refining affect environmental security in Rivers State. Hence the study concludes that artisanal refining is responsible for environmental security degradation in Rivers State. Therefore, the study recommended that Government should encourage oil companies to take responsibility by establishing environmental impacts and invest in community development programs for rapid response teams to address health emergencies related to pollution. They should develop disaster preparedness plans for communities affected by pollution from illegal refining. Invest in research to develop innovative solutions for pollution control and health improvement. Government and oil companies should establish local emergency response units specifically trained to handle explosions and fires from artisanal refineries, ensuring they have the necessary tools and resources to respond quickly and effectively to ensure environmental security in Rivers State.

This study investigates the extent of Implementation of the Language Policy in Public and  Private Primary Schools in Rivers State. Three research questions and three hypotheses  guided the study. The descriptive survey design was adopted for the study. The population  of the study consisted of all the 236, 121 public and private primary school teachers in Rivers  State. The sample was 400 primary school teachers in Rivers State selected using stratified  random sampling technique. The instrument for data collection was a researcher-designed questionnaire titled “Implementation of the Language Policy Questionnaire” (ILPQ). The instrument was validated by experts in the field of Language Education. A test-retest technique was used to determine the reliability of the instrument, and reliability coefficient index of 0.83 was obtained. Mean and Standard Deviation were used to answer the research questions while independent t-test was used to test the corresponding null hypotheses at 0.05 level of significance. The findings revealed that the implementation of the language policy is low in both private and public schools in Rivers State although, there is no significant difference in the extent to which the policy is implemented in both public and private schools. Also, the extent to which the policy is implemented in both rural and urban primary schools is low but schools in rural areas pay more attention to the implementation of the language policy than those in urban areas. It was equally revealed that teachers in both public and private primary schools demonstrated poor and lukewarm attitude towards the implementation of the language policy. It was recommended among others that government and educational authorities should establish standardised monitoring and evaluation frameworks; in urban areas children should be exposed to the language of the immediate environment they live; sensitisation programmes should be regularly organised to awaken in the teachers the consciousness of implementing the language policy.

Good governance plays a key role in directing a society’s economic road map, paving the way for sustained economic development, social stability and national prosperity. This paper empirically examined inflation and economic growth in Nigeria: the role of good governance between 1981 and 2024 using the institutionalist variant of the political economy approach. Both descriptive statistics and the Ordinary Least Square (OLS) method of multiple regression analysis were employed to analyze the data. The result of the OLS shows that Inflation (INFL) has a negative and a significant relationship with Per Capita Real Gross Domestic Product (PCRGDP), a proxy for economic growth in Nigeria. This means that Inflation (INFL) reduces Economic Growth in Nigeria within the period of study. Exchange Rate (EXCR) has a positive and an insignificant relationship with Per Capita Real Gross Domestic Product (PCRGDP), a proxy for economic growth in Nigeria. This means that Exchange Rate (EXCR) increases economic growth in Nigeria within the period of study. Interest Rate (INTR) has a positive and a significant relationship with Per Capita Real Gross Domestic Product (PCRGDP) a proxy for economic growth in Nigeria. This means that Interest Rate (INTR) increases Economic Growth in Nigeria within the period of study. Money Supply (MS) has a negative and an insignificant relationship with Per Capita Real Gross Domestic Product (PCRGDP) a proxy for economic growth in Nigeria. This means that Money Supply (MS) do not have a significant effect on Economic Growth in Nigeria within the period of study. The paper therefore concludes that Inflation (INFL) reduced economic growth while interest rate increased economic growth in Nigeria within the period under review. The paper therefore recommended amongst others that the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) should pursue a credible, flexible inflation-targeting regime. Also, the federal government of Nigeria should promote non-oil exports (e.g., agriculture, manufacturing, services etc.) to make the economy more responsive to exchange rate movements. The paper further recommended that the federal government of Nigeria should promote and implement transparent mechanisms and citizens participation in governance. This will help to tame systemic corruption and achieve minimal inflation and sustained economic growth in Nigeria.

This paper critically explores the social responsibility of love as a central theme in Johannine theology, with reference to 1 John 3:16-18. It examines how John redefines love beyond emotional sentiment, presenting it as a divine mandate that demands practical compassion and social engagement for the church in Nigeria today. Through a biblical- theological and exegetical approach, the study analyzes the historical context, linguistic meaning, and theological significance of the passage to demonstrate that love, as embodied by Christ’s self-sacrifice, must find expression in tangible acts of care for others. By adopting the Practical Theology of Love Theory advanced by Browning, thepaperargues that true Christian love cannot exist in isolation from social responsibility, as genuine faith manifests through good works that reflect God’s character. The study reveals that the Johannine call challenges believers to move beyond verbal declarations of love toward active involvement in alleviating human suffering, promoting justice, and fostering communal well- being. The paper identifies the growing gap between profession and practice in modern Christianity, where materialism and self-interest often overshadow compassionate service. The study establishes that love is the foundation of Christian ethics, serving as the driving force for justice, mercy, and social responsibility and concludes that love constitutes both a spiritual virtue and a moral imperative that sustains authentic Christian witness, arguing that practical compassion is the visible expression of Christian love through sacrificial service and compassionate engagement with society. The paper recommends that the church institutionalizes social outreach programs, strengthen ethical teaching on compassion, and encourage believers to demonstrate love through charitable acts, advocacy, and social transformation initiatives, thereby reflecting the divine nature of love in a fractured world.

This study researches on the effectiveness of social protection programmes to the growth of the Nigerian economy, with specific focus on some localities in Bayelsa state. The research aims to evaluate whether existing social protection mechanism adequately addresses the need of the population under study and how it contributes to poverty reduction, social inclusion and economic growth. Data were collected using questionnaires distributed to 100 respondents, and the responses were analyzed using descriptive statistics and Chi-square (X2) analysis. The findings revealed that while a significant number of respondents were aware of social protection initiatives- particularly education and healthcare support- only a minority had actually benefitted from them. The majority of respondents rate the programmes as poorly designed, inadequately implemented, and ineffective in improving the growth of the nation and the wellbeing of citizens. Furthermore, a large portion of the target population remains unemployed and excluded from key social protection benefits such as cash transfers and livelihood support. The Chi-square analysis confirmed a statistically significant difference between observed and expected responses, indicating that public perception towards the effectiveness of social protection programmes is overwhelming negative. Based on these findings, the study concludes that current social protection interventions in Nigeria are insufficient in addressing widespread poverty, inequality and growth of the country. The study recommends a thorough review of social protection frameworks, improved targeting of vulnerable groups, greater transparency, and enhanced public awareness and engagement. These reforms are essential to ensure that social protection programmes serve as an effective tool for poverty alleviation, social justice, and inclusive growth and development in Nigeria.

Disunity and instability are two major problems that have plagued Nigeria  since independence. While society generally battles ethnic and religious challenges, the Church faces ethnic and class conflicts. Francis Ogunmodede describes Nigeria as a complex country whose problems revolve around ethnic and religious divisions as a result of the British forcefully amalgamating over 250 erstwhile self-governing nationalities with divergent socio-cultural and religious backgrounds leaving a polity with socio- political/religious conflicts fueled by corruption, selfish and porous leadership. The study adopts a mixed method which comprises the historico- critical method and the advocacy approach of the existential method of biblical exegesis in the analysis of 1 Corinthians 1:10-12, postulating that Pauline teaching on harmonious relationships in 1 Cor. 1:10-12 could serve as a model for resolving conflicts within Church communities. Francis Ogunmodede’s proposition on screening electoral candidates to checkmate politicians and corrupt practices, getting a new credible census, good leadership, respect for the Rule of Law, separating Religion from State and Sovereign National Conference/ Referendum stands as a panacea to Nigeria's problems and challenges: The church in her search for oneness and unity can benefit from the advocacy of Ogunmodede, a united Nigeria that takes advantage of her diversity.

The likelihood that the catastrophe and machinations surrounding Nigeria’s fuel subsidy removal could alarmingly affect human security was an issue. This prompted the scrutiny of the instinctive fuel subsidy removal and the debacle of human security in Nigeria: An exposition of the Rivers State experience. The study formulated three research questions and their corresponding objectives, which were to ascertain how the politisation of fuel subsidy removal impedes the attainment of social security, evaluate how the politisation of fuel subsidy removal affects economic security, and examine how the politization of fuel subsidy removal impedes physical security in Rivers State. The study adopted Karl Marx's political economy approach on dialectical materialism as the theoretical framework. An 18-item self-structured instrument was used to collect data from 406 selected public servants in Rivers State. Collected data was analysed using mean and standard deviation. The study revealed that the politicization of fuel subsidy removal has far-reaching implications for social security ( = X =3.72), economic security ( = X =3.74), and physical security ( =3.76) in Rivers State. The study recommended, among others, that the government should strengthen the implementation of social welfare programmes such as transportation subsidies, food assistance programmes, and direct cash transfers to support and cushion the financial burden on struggling households and vulnerable populations. Alongside, the government should strategically adopt and implement a “Conflict-Sensitive and De-Escalation and Law Enforcement (CSDLE) policy by training security personnel on human rights-based policing that will help foster trust and minimize the risks of human rights violations, injuries, and fatalities even during protests.

This study assesses the economic impact of business education on sustainable development in Nigeria, with specific emphasis on office and distributive education. Guided by human capital theory and the sustainability framework, the research adopted a descriptive survey design. The study population comprised business education students, graduates, lecturers, and employers of labor in Nigeria’s six geopolitical zones, from which a sample of 350 respondents was drawn using multi-stage and purposive sampling techniques. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire and analyzed with descriptive statistics, regression, and chi-square tests at a 0.05 significance level. Findings revealed that business education makes a significant contribution to workforce preparedness and employability, while office and distributive education significantly predict sustainable development outcomes such as job creation and entrepreneurship. However, systemic challenges— including inadequate funding, poor ICT integration, outdated curricula, and low teacher motivation—were identified as major barriers, limiting the full realization of business education’s potential. The rejection of all three null hypotheses confirmed the empirical evidence that business education, though impactful, remains constrained in Nigeria. The study concludes that business education is an indispensable tool for advancing national development but requires comprehensive reforms to enhance its relevance and effectiveness. Recommendations include increased funding, continuous curriculum modernization, ICT integration, professional development for teachers, and improvement of public perception. This study contributes to theory by reaffirming the human capital perspective and expanding sustainability debates, while offering practical and policy guidance for strengthening business education as a driver of economic transformation in Nigeria.

This study examines the influence of school-based initiatives on the sustainable educational development of students from disintegrated families in secondary schools in South-South Nigeria. The study adopted the descriptive research design. The study population included 1,543 principals, 3,086 vice principals, 37,453 teachers, and 1,834,995 students in South-South Nigeria. A sample of 918 respondents was drawn using a six phase multistage sampling technique across 102 schools in four of six states. An 88-item structured instrument titled “School-Based Initiatives for Sustainable Educational Development of Student from Disintegrated Families Questionnaire” (SISEDSDFQ) with a reliability coefficient of 0.937 necessitated its use for the collection of data that was analyzed using mean and standard deviation, and Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) to answer the research questions, and test the hypotheses. The study revealed that the respondents (administrators, teachers, and students) differed on the influence of school based initiatives on the sustainable educational development of students from disintegrated families in South-South, Nigeria secondary schools (F2, 870=.872, p >.05). The study recommended among others that secondary school administrators and teachers be encouraged to strengthen their counselling skills and improve understanding of cultural diversity that would increase the existence of cordial teacher-student interactions that would help in providing the needed social, emotional and even financial supports especially for students experiencing family instability.

This study examines moral education as an antidote for deviance and effective management of discipline among secondary school students in the Delta South Senatorial District, Nigeria. The study adopted descriptive survey research. The population of this study comprised the 122 principals, 244 vice principals, 2,847 teachers, and 35,252 students across the 122 public senior secondary schools in the Delta South Senatorial District. A sample of 330 respondents comprising 15 principals, 15 vice principals, 75 teachers, and 225 students was selected using a six-phase multistage sampling technique in 15 public senior secondary schools. A 30-item self-structured instrument titled “Moral Education as Antidote for Deviance and Effective Management of Discipline among Students Questionnaire” (MEADEMDSQ) was used to collect data analyzed using mean and standard deviation. The study revealed that the grand mean scores of 3.66 and 3.68 indicated that moral education improved students’ behaviour, and reduced deviant acts, respectively. Also, the grand means of 3.63 and 3.69 indicated that moral education positively influenced discipline management and character development, respectively. The grand means of 3.71 and 3.71 revealed that moral education promoted positive behaviour and discouraged indiscipline, respectively, in secondary schools in the Delta South Senatorial District, Delta State. The study recommended, among others, that the Ministry of Education should ensure secondary schools consistently integrate moral education to reduce truancy, violence, theft, malpractice, and cultism, while improving respect for rules, authorities and fostering positive peer relationships. 

This study assesses the predictors of sexual harassment and senior secondary school students’ academic achievement in Biology in Rivers State, Nigeria. The study adopted the correlational research design. A sample of 1024 respondents comprising 257 Biology teachers, 384 Biology students and 384 parents/guardians of the students were selected from 64 public senior secondary schools across six (6) randomly selected Local Government Areas in Rivers State. A 20-item self-structured instrument titled “Sexual Harassment Predictor Scale” (SHPS) and 50-item “Biology Achievement Test” (BAT) with reliability coefficients of 0.873 and 0.885 respectively necessitated the use of the SHPS and BAT instruments for collecting data analyzed using regression analysis. The study revealed (r = 0.042; P = 0.22) and (r = 0.088; P = 0.010) which indicated a very weak positive correlation between domestic violence and act of absenteeism respectively to students’ achievement in Biology in Rivers State. The study recommended among others that teachers and parents should engage students in worthwhile programmes and activities that will help reduce the stress and emotional insecurity which are tantamount to students’ poor academic achievement in a secondary school subject like Biology.

This study explores the role of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) in enhancing administrative efficiency in secondary schools. In an era of increasing educational demands and resource constraints, school administrators face growing pressure to streamline operations and improve management outcomes. The research investigates the types of ICT tools used in school administration, the impact of their application on administrative effectiveness, and the challenges hindering their adoption. Using an exploratory research design and a qualitative approach based on relevant literature review, the study identifies tools such as school management systems, financial software, digital communication platforms, and biometric systems as central to improving data management, communication, and decision-making processes. However, issues such as poor infrastructure, limited digital literacy, inadequate funding, and weak policy enforcement were identified as major barriers to ICT integration. The study shows that while ICT holds substantial potential for transforming school administration, its successful implementation requires targeted investment, staff training, and robust policy support. The study recommends a strategic approach to ICT adoption that includes infrastructural upgrades, continuous professional development, and stakeholder sensitization to maximize administrative efficiency in secondary schools.

This study explores the role of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) in enhancing administrative efficiency in secondary schools. In an era of increasing educational demands and resource constraints, school administrators face growing pressure to streamline operations and improve management outcomes. The research investigates the types of ICT tools used in school administration, the impact of their application on administrative effectiveness, and the challenges hindering their adoption. Using an exploratory research design and a qualitative approach based on relevant literature review, the study identifies tools such as school management systems, financial software, digital communication platforms, and biometric systems as central to improving data management, communication, and decision-making processes. However, issues such as poor infrastructure, limited digital literacy, inadequate funding, and weak policy enforcement were identified as major barriers to ICT integration. The study shows that while ICT holds substantial potential for transforming school administration, its successful implementation requires targeted investment, staff training, and robust policy support. The study recommends a strategic approach to ICT adoption that includes infrastructural upgrades, continuous professional development, and stakeholder sensitization to maximize administrative efficiency in secondary schools.

Instructional materials are salient route to an effective lesson delivery in the classroom. Any teacher who does not make use of instructional materials is seen as incompetent. Be this as it may most times, the materials needed for teaching and learning are not usually available for teachers to use. This therefore calls for sourcing for alternative plans in ensuring that the learning takes place and that the objectives are achieved through the use of instructional materials. This paper therefore examined the relationship between improvisation of instructional materials and teachers teaching effectiveness in English Language in public primary schools in Obio/Akpor Local Government Area of Rivers State. Two purposes, two research questions and two null hypotheses guided the study. The study adopted the correlational research design. This design becomes necessary as the study seeks to examine the relationship between Improvisation of instructional materials and teaching effectiveness in English Language in Public Primary Schools in Obio/Akpor Local Government Area of Rivers State. The study will be carried out Obio/Akpor Local Government Area of Rivers State. Its headquarters is situated at Rumuodumaya. 724 teachers comprising of 52 males and 672 females with 28,469 primary school pupils comprising of 15,170 girls and 13,299 boys found in the 55 public primary schools in Obio /Akpor Local Government Area of Rivers State shall constitute the population of the study. 724 public primary school teachers representing approximately 10% of the population will constitute the sample size of the study using Simple random technique. The result was analyzed using Pearson Product Moment Correlation. The government should ensure that training workshops and seminars are organized for teachers to train them on instructional materials production to motivate teachers to put in their best in the teaching profession. The teachers should ensure that instructional materials are used regularly in instruction in the classroom to enhance pupils’ academic performance